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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">任务：获取通用词汇表</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">此任务描述了如何定义需要在项目中统一使用的一组常用术语。</td>
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<tr>
<td>规程：<a href="./../../core.base_rup/disciplines/rup_requirements_discipline_8EEB5209.html" guid="_ydt60dnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">需求</a></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">用途</div>
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<p>
    此任务的目的是定义可用于系统的所有文本描述（尤其是可用于软件需求）的常用词汇表。
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<div class="sectionHeading">关系</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">角色</th><td width="42%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">主执行者:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/roles/rup_system_analyst_C3C9C9AC.html" guid="{F1F206DF-3AA0-4AC0-92EF-8E4A01B6C5B5}">系统分析人员</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">其他执行者:
								</span></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">输入</th><td width="42%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">必需:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>无</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">可选:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_supplementary_specification_F5ACAA22.html" guid="{B16C2941-791C-44E6-B353-354109B5C9DE}">补充规范</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_actor_1F9CE9.html" guid="{0EEBBA43-F5C6-4594-9F06-65D99F7556DF}">参与者</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_storyboard_33EEA89E.html" guid="{77F6A9E0-5650-40BA-BC60-3C53235CDEF5}">故事板</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_requirement_32CECE14.html" guid="{BB502500-EEEC-4BDE-8697-186666D6D5B3}">软件需求</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_requirements_specification_934E66F.html" guid="{BE8165DC-BAF2-4237-B27D-F2A037023364}">软件需求规范</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_stakeholder_requests_A89D2BF9.html" guid="{75F38765-E25B-4459-907E-77F429652C0F}">项目干系人请求</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_A5D30E62.html" guid="{B1526BC5-E346-42CB-A08A-3C0D7F382407}">用例</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_model_EF15E534.html" guid="{9C66F2EC-EDEB-4369-9AFB-04B9E7CBCB8E}">用例模型</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_vision_2D6D6F1.html" guid="{417F089F-6636-451A-A8AB-AB4EAC7AC4F1}">远景</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">输出</th><td colspan="2" class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_glossary_A5D79A0C.html" guid="{3BF8CC04-9101-47A4-9473-C8205EA588B6}">词汇表</a>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">流程使用情况</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="2">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/requirements_4EE062EE.html" guid="{38A9C609-9A59-4D03-B835-AA84A716E626}">需求</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/analyze_the_problem_67C3076B.html" guid="{554ECC71-6D6C-4ABD-B7CE-357973C63B9F}">分析问题</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/capture_common_vocabulary_D4E9285E.html" guid="_zH-v4EogEdqrjq4i3fchvA">获取通用词汇表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/requirements_4EE062EE.html" guid="{38A9C609-9A59-4D03-B835-AA84A716E626}">需求</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/understand_stakeholder_needs_3FFFF8B6.html" guid="{F9E2B414-29F4-48F9-B263-35570D64314B}">了解项目干系人需要</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/capture_common_vocabulary_9E6195DE.html" guid="_2hoMQEogEdqrjq4i3fchvA">获取通用词汇表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/requirements_4EE062EE.html" guid="{38A9C609-9A59-4D03-B835-AA84A716E626}">需求</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/define_the_system_ED861056.html" guid="{20E30ECF-7359-45EC-AA5F-8A7BFA21C472}">定义系统</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/capture_common_vocabulary_D692B6A0.html" guid="_8_pYkEogEdqrjq4i3fchvA">获取通用词汇表</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<div class="sectionHeading">步骤</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
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<div class="stepHeading">查找常用术语</div>
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<tr valign="top">
<td><a id="XE_vocabulary__finding_common_terms_in_software_development" name="XE_vocabulary__finding_common_terms_in_software_development" class="index" key="词汇表（vocabulary）" text="查找软件开发中的通用术语"></a><a id="Find Common Terms" name="Find Common Terms"></a> 
<p>
    在需求规程中，您必须使用问题域中最通用的术语定义一个通用词汇表。 然后，您应该在系统及其需求的所有文本描述中始终如一地使用常用词汇表。 这样，您可以使文本描述保持一致，并避免项目成员中对术语的使用和含义产生误解。应以<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_glossary_A5D79A0C.html" guid="{3BF8CC04-9101-47A4-9473-C8205EA588B6}">词汇表</a>的形式记录该词汇表。
</p>
<p>
    要查找问题域中的通用术语，请考虑在需求中和在开发团队对要构造的系统的一般了解中使用的术语。着重描述以下概念的术语：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        业务对象，代表在组织的日常工作中或在系统的预期操作环境中使用的概念。在许多情况下，都存在一系列的此类概念。
    </li>
    <li>
        系统需要知道的现实对象。这些对象自然发生，包括诸如以下的事物：汽车、狗、瓶子、飞机、乘客、预订或发票。
    </li>
</ul>
<h5>
    示例：
</h5>
<p class="example">
    在仓库处理系统中，对话主要与仓库中的商品和它们的可能存储位置有关。
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        系统需要知道的事件。这里用“事件”表示时间点，或者系统必须了解的、按时间顺序发生的事情，例如会议或出现错误。
    </li>
</ul>
<h5>
    示例：
</h5>
<p class="example">
    仓库处理系统中的一个自然事件是将货物交付到仓库中。对于每次交付，系统应“记住”交付日期，收货人、所交付的货物和每种货物的数量。
</p>
<p>
    每条术语通常描述为一个具有定义的名词。术语应采用单数形式，例如“顺序”和“任务”，而非“一组顺序”和“一组任务”。所有相关方均应就术语的定义达成一致。
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<div class="stepHeading">评估您的结果</div>
<div class="stepContent">
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<td><a id="Evaluate Your Results" name="Evaluate Your Results"></a> 
<p>
    在这个阶段应检查词汇表，以验证您的工作是否按正确的方向前进。无需对其进行详细的复审。请参阅：<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/glossary_FEF390E.html" guid="2.834622337101798E-305">核对表：词汇表</a>。
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